Influence of field-protective forest belds and weeds on the yield of winter wheat in SUE LPR "Agrofond"

Protective forest belts in the steppe zone have a significant impact on agrobiocenoses. The purpose of the work is to establish the influence of shelterbelts and weeds on the yield of winter wheat. The research was carried out in the former farm of UNPAK LNAU "Kolos", which since 2020 has been renamed the SUE LPR "Agrofond". The fields are located in the Artemovsky district of Lugansk. Yield accounting was carried out on sites (1.0 x 1.0 m), in triplicate in the strip zones of 10, 20 meters from the shelterbelt and 150 meters outside the influence of the shelterbelt (control). Samples for the reserve of productive moisture were taken during the third decade of April. The authors found that the length of the ear and the number of grains of winter wheat differ from each other depending on the remoteness of the forest belt, and not on the uniform distribution of the snow mass in winter. As a result of the research, it was found that at a distance of 10 m from the forest belt No. 1 and No. 7, the length of the ear of wheat increases to 5.38 cm and 5.55 cm, respectively, compared with the control. An analysis of the crop structure showed that the yield of winter wheat, depending on the distance from the shelterbelt, changes significantly. So, at a distance of 10 meters from the forest belt No. 1, the yield is 66 centners / ha, and at a similar distance from the forest belt No. 7 - 56 centners / ha. It was revealed that for successful weed control and establishing the degree of infestation of crops, an important task is to determine their biological group. Of the 27 weed species found in wheat crops, 10 species (37% of the total species composition) belonged to the group of wintering weeds ( Anisantha tectorum (L.) Nevski, Lappula squarrosa (Retz) Dumort, Descurainia sophia (L.) Webb ex Prantl).