Effect of IL-17A and PPARG gene polymorphism on the course of purulent complications after treatment of patients with lower limb bone injuries

Introduction Epidemiological studies have shown a link between genetic factors and the development of purulent complications after treatment in traumatology and orthopedics. Studies on candidate genes help identify mutations associated with diseases, which is important for diagnosis and prevention. The polymorphisms of the IL-17A and PPARG genes are of particular interest. The G197A polymorphism in the IL-17A gene may increase the risk of autoimmune and infectious diseases. The C1431T polymorphism in the PPARG gene is often associated with metabolic disorders, including obesity and diabetes type 2. Both polymorphisms are significant for developing methods to predict and treat purulent complications, as their impact on patient health can be substantial. Purpose To study the influence of IL-17A and PPARG gene polymorphisms on the course of purulent complications after treatment of patients with lower limb bone injuries. Materials and methods Candidate genetic study: identification of the PPARG C1431T gene polymorphism and the IL-17A G197A gene polymorphism in the genome of 114 patients treated at Solovyev Hospital in Yaroslavl for purulent complications after treatment of lower limb injuries during various periods from 2018 to 2024. Results Analysis showed that the baseline for the PPARG gene (rs3856806) is at the level of allele C (82 % and 89 %), predominantly in the C/C genotype (70 % and 80 %). For IL-17A (rs2275913), the baseline corresponds to allele G, with the A/A genotype occurring in 46 % and 42 % of groups. Hardy – Weinberg equilibrium was found for PPARG but not for IL-17A, indicating the influence of this polymorphism on complication recurrences. Associations were identified between SNPs and comorbidities such as diabetes and hypertension, confirming the relationship between gene polymorphisms and the risk of purulent complications. Discussion The study revealed that the mutant T allele is associated with an increased risk of metabolic disorders and complications, as confirmed by both our own observations and data from other authors. In the non-recurrence group, C/C homozygotes were found in 70 % of cases, while in the recurrence group this number reached 80 %, which partially agrees with previous studies that noted the impact of this polymorphism on the metabolic profile. Conclusion The study of PPARG and IL-17A polymorphisms highlighted the importance of considering mutations when predicting recurrence of infectious complications in patients with lower limb injuries. The study of PPARG and IL-17A polymorphisms can be used to build predictions about the progression of complications and their recurrences, taking into account covariates such as BMI, hypertension, coronary heart disease, and diabetes. A connection has been established between these gene mutations and the recurrence of complications in patients with lower limb injuries.