Precursors influence on the yield of barley varieties seeds in the Tyumen region northern forest-steppe

The purpose of research is to study the influence of predecessors on the growth and development of plants and seed yield of barley varieties Vorsinsky 2, Chelyabinsky 99, Acha, Abalak in the northern forest-steppe of the Tyumen Region. In 2014-2017 research was carried out on the experimental field of the State Agrarian University of the Northern Trans-Urals in the northern forest-steppe of the Tyumen Region. The soil is leached chernozem, heavy loamy in granulometric composition, moderately provided with nitrogen and phosphorus, well - with potassium, the reaction of the soil solution is 6.7, the humus content is 7.2. We studied the influence of predecessors: spring wheat, peas, corn, bare fallow, on the seed yield of four varieties of barley: Vorsinsky 2, Chelyabinsky 99, Acha, Abalak. Mineral fertilizers were not applied. Tillage is common for crops in the zone. Sowing was carried out at the optimal time at a soil temperature of +15 ... +17 °С, the seeding rate was 5 million germinating grains per hectare. Harvesting was carried out in the phase of full ripeness of the grain with a Sampo-130 combine. Grain yield is adjusted to 14 % moisture and 100 % purity. Barley cultivars were formed on the basis of their predecessor wheat with a yield of 1.35-1.50 t/ha. At the same time, the Abalak variety stood out for the better. Seed yield increased up to 2.04-2.30 t/ha as a predecessor of peas. The varieties Acha and Abalak were more productive, the increase to the control variant was 0.80-0.81 t/ha, or 54.1-55.9 %. The maximum seed yield of the studied varieties of barley was obtained using the pure fallow predecessor and amounted to 2.27-2.41 t/ha, which is 0.89-0.98 t/ha, or 59.3-68.7 %, higher than the control option. The predecessor of corn in terms of seed yield occupied an intermediate position between the predecessors of peas and pure fallow.