The influence of chemicalization techniques on grain yield and quality in modern varieties of spring wheat in the conditions of the Central Black Earth region of Russia

The article presents 4-year data on the study of the effect of chemicalization techniques on the yield and grain quality of 10 modern varieties of spring wheat, which were sown on the experimental field of the Scientific and Production Center of the Oryol State Agrarian University “Integration” on plots of 10 m2 in 4-fold replication, at the rate of 600 seeds per m2, the placement of plots was systematic with an offset. The varieties in the main experiments were studied according to an 8-variant scheme of intensive chemicalization. The plots, on which the plants were grown without the use of chemical and biological agents, served as control. The obtained results allowed us to conclude that chemicalized cultivation techniques still play a dominant role in obtaining a high-quality grain yield of spring wheat. Their capabilities have not yet been exhausted, so it is necessary to identify the most effective varieties and methods of their cultivation further. According to the results of the conducted research, for the organization of effective chemicalized grain production in the conditions of the Central Black Earth Region of Russia, it is recommended to use the following varieties: Arsey, Ulyanovskaya 105, Radmira, Yubileynaya 60, Voronezhskaya 18, which form a high-quality grain yield suitable for food purposes, while Tulaikovskaya Nadezhda and Chernozemnouralskaya 2 are better used for forage and technical purposes, since they form a grain yield (on average 3.57 t / ha) of low quality. The best result is achieved with the complex use of chemicalization techniques: fertilizers + seed dressing + fungicide + herbicide + growth stimulator Rauaktiv + Azotovit + Phosphatovit.