Influence of natural alumosilicate materials on the process of thermal processing of waste biomass waste

The process of pyrolysis of plant biomass wastes using thermogravimetric analysis, as well as by conducting experiments using a laboratory pyrolysis plant, was studied. As a raw material for pyrolysis, chopped husk of sunflower seeds with a moisture content of 5,6%; ash content is 3.2% and the lowest specific heat of combustion is 17,6 kJ / g was used. The study of the thermal stability of husk was carried out in the temperature range up to 600 °C and allowed to determine the main peaks of mass loss of the sample, the amount of volatile products and the solid residue formed as a result of pyrolysis. The influence of the size of the feedstock fraction on the process characteristics was studied. Intensification of the pyrolysis process was carried out by direct application of natural aluminosilicate materials into pyrolyzable raw materials with a mass content of 10% of the weight of the initial sample. The effect of the aluminosilicate materials used on the process characteristics was evaluated by changing the conversion (into gaseous, liquid, solid products), by changing the heat of combustion and the composition of the pyrolysis gases. A comparison of activity in the pyrolysis process of the investigated natural aluminosilicate materials with the commercially available synthetic zeolite ZSM-5 was performed. The processing of the obtained experimental data made it possible to select the most active catalyst among the clays and compare them with each other and with a synthetic zeolite. According to the data obtained, montmorillonite clay is the most accessible and leading to an increase in the heat value of pyrolysis gases. When using this aluminosilicate as a catalyst for direct application in the process of pyrolysis of husks of sunflower seeds, the mass fraction of gaseous products increased by 4,3%, while the combustion gas of combustion gas increased by 8.8 MJ/m3, by increasing the total yield of C1-C4 hydrocarbons by 12,7% in comparison with the non-catalytic process.