The impact of natural resources on the global economy and Russia’s role in their development

The article is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of the world’s natural resource potential, its structure, distribution and development dynamics in the context of the modern globalized world. The author considers the main types of natural resources, such as energy (oil, gas, coal), mineral (metals, rare earth elements), water and biological resources, as well as their distribution by regions of the world, trends in their use and impact on the economic development of countries. Their role in ensuring economic growth, technological progress and international trade is analyzed. Particular attention is paid to Russia as one of the largest holders of natural resources on the planet: its wealth, potential for further use and strategic opportunities in the context of global challenges. The article considers modern trends in resource use, challenges to environmental safety, the need to transition to sustainable development and the introduction of innovative technologies. The author also analyzes the prospects for the development of the Russian natural resource complex in the context of climate change, international sanctions and global economic changes. The author emphasizes the importance of rational and balanced use of natural resources to ensure economic stability, environmental safety and social well-being of both Russia and the world economy.