The impact of early nutrition on the formation of the microbiome in children

The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the development of the immune system, metabolism, and protection of the body against pathogens. The formation of the microbiota begins at birth and is actively modified during the first years of life. Early nutrition, including breastfeeding, formula feeding, and the introduction of complementary foods, is one of the main factors determining the composition and functional properties of the gut microbiota. The aim of this article is to analyze the influence of different early nutrition approaches on the formation of gut microbiota in children and to evaluate their potential significance for health.