Effect of process technological parameters of polymer electrospinning and solution properties on the structure and properties of non-wovens

The aim of the article is to determine the influence of electroconductivity, electric current voltage, interelectrode spacing and rheological characteristics of solutions on the structure of non-woven materials and mechanical properties of the materials. When studying the influence of ion forming additives on the process of electrospinning the formation of droplets is revealed when adding the 1 % NaCl. To make faster the fiber production without impairing the quality it is advisable to use 0.2 %-1 % of ion additive. The results show that for optimum fiber forming stable interelectrode gap spacing is 100-200 mm, the voltage of 20-30 kV. At a temperature of 14-17 ºС solution viscosity changes slightly. By increasing the temperature to 25 ºС and above there is a significant drop in viscosity. Hence by temperature increasing more concentrated polymer solutions with a constant viscosity can be used to increase productivity. Analysis of the resulting materials structure shows that the obtained fiber thickness of 60-110 nm with the presence of droplet sizes ranges from 200 nm to 1800 nm.