The influence of ambient air temperature and humidity on biotechnological indicators of sires sperm

The aim of the study was to determine optimal values of ambient temperature and relative humidity for spermatogenesis in the sires in the conditions of breeding enterprise. The objects of the study were the bulls of two breeds: 1 - red-and-motley (n = 18), 2 - Holstein red-and-motley suit (n = 18) and their sperm production. The studies were carried out in breeding enterprise ‘Krasnoyarskagroplem’ from March, 2014 to February, 2015. The sires, depending on the season of the year, were placed either in a bullock - from October to April, or under a canopy - from May to September. Air temperature was measured with a mercury thermometer and humidity - with an aspiration psychrometer. Sperm production indicators for the bulls were estimated by the volume of ejaculate, ml, sperm concentration in 1 ml, billion / ml, ejaculate concentration, billion, received seed on average per bull, ml and native seed reject, %. It was found that with an increase in the temperature above 17.1-21.10 °C and moisture content of 62.6-72.6 % when the sires were kept under a canopy, spermatogenesis was disrupted, which was expressed in the increase in the proportion of defective native semen in the bulls regardless of the breed. The optimumtemperature, when the sires were kept in a bullock, was an ambient temperature of 12.9-13.1 °C, relative humidity 53.1-70.6 %. From the bulls of red-and-motley breed, the ejaculate was obtained with a larger volume of 0.2 ml, the sperm concentration in 1 ml per 0.1 billion (P > 0.95) and semen on average per bull a month by 3.9 ml, than from the sires of Holstein breed. The correlation coefficient between the volume of the ejaculate and the concentration of sperm in the ejaculate in red-and-motley and Holstein bulls was positive r = + 0.34 and r = + 0.68, the concentration of sperm in the ejaculate and 1 ml. r = + 0.77 r = + 0.85, respectively.