Military justice of the emperor of Nicholas I

The article is devoted to the research of problematic issues of the functioning of military-judicial bodies in Russia during the reign of Emperor Nicholas I. The influence of the emperor's personality on the foreign policy of Russia, the state of the economic and social component within the country is considered. The causes of weakness and nonstructurization of the judicial system of the times of the administration of Nicholas I. The article gives a brief description of the literature, which reveals some issues of the functioning of military courts during the period under review. An attempt was made to review the normative sources that were the basis of the activity of military courts in Russia during the period under review, to analyze the procedure for examining cases in the military court, to describe the participants in the process, their rights and duties. The example of specific military-criminal proceedings shows the activity of military courts to maintain discipline and order of the troops. As a result of the study, the author concludes that during the period under review repeated attempts to improve the system of military courts did not lead to their substantial modifications. By and large, the number of criminal cases transferred to the military courts increased. This led to the fact that military courts considered cases concerning persons who had a very distant attitude towards the army and navy.