Questions of faith and national culture in the work of the North Caucasus deputies of the State Duma of the Russian empire (1907-1917)

The history of Russia at the beginning of the 20th century was marked by revolutions and reforms. Revolutions were studied somewhat unilaterally, often without taking into account the contradictory nature of social phenomena and as the only way out of the crisis. The role and significance of reforms were diminished and underestimated, the impact of their transformation was portrayed as a by-product of the revolutionary struggle. The interaction between reforms and revolutions was complex, especially in connection with the restriction of the autocracy through the creation of a representative legislative power during the revolution of 1905-1907, which intensified the processes of political identification of society. The Duma debates and decisions on confessional and national issues give an idea of the essence and consequences of the peculiarities of Russian modernization in the late imperial period.