Soil – vegetation cover restoration of disturbed tundra lands

The aim of the study is to restore the soil and vegetation cover of technogenically disturbed areas of tundra soils in the Yenisei North. Research objectives: selection of methods of mechanical processing of tundra soils; doses of mineral fertilizers; species of recultivating plants most adapted for the Subarctic zone. The object of research is technogenically disturbed areas of tundra lands that have become unusable during the development of minerals. Research was carried out in accordance with the Program and methodology for studying technogenic biogeocenoses, the Program and methodology for conducting scientific research on meadow farming. The study carried out over 2016–2020 identified the following rea-sons for the disturbance of the soil surface: in the gas production industry – improper operation of equipment, accidents on gas pipelines and stationary storages, industrial effluents in the areas of primary gas processing; in the mining industry – operation of tailing dumps, emissions of toxic gases, industrial dust, industrial effluents from smelting shops. According to the degree of disturbance, the following areas were identified: with complete disturbance – 5 %; with a strong disturbance – 10; weak disturbance – 70; undisturbed landscapes – 13 %. To restore and improve the fertility of lands, it is recommended: application of a fertile layer (soil mixture) – h = 25–30 cm + mineral fertilizers in a dose of N60P60K60; combined tillage - 2-fold disking of the BDT-3.0 to a depth of 15–18 cm, milling of the soil with FBN 1.2 to a depth of 12– 15 cm; sowing grassland grass: red fescue + meadow bluegrass (70 : 30) with a SZU 3.6 seeder or manually. Within 3–5 years, meadow formations are created with a sod-protective layer of 8–10 cm, which pre-vents the initiation of erosion, increases soil fertility due to the decomposition of organic matter. The soil structure, porosity, and humus content of the horizon are improving. The technology increases the productivity of artificial phytocenoses by 2–3 times in comparison with natural meadows.