Identifying suicide risk in patients of the medical institutions

Suicidal behavior is a serious public and medical problem that should be given priority attention in all areas of medicine. The relevance is due to the fact that population mental health check ups during general medical examination can be used to control suicidal risk and motivate change in unhealthy behavior. The aim of the work is to generalize the methods of suicide risk detection, to consider the reliability and validity of screening tools that can be used in medical institutions for rapid assessment of intent during a general medical examination. Methods. Search and analysis of domestic and foreign literature on the problem. Results. The reliability and validity of preventive screening tools for suicidal intent in medical institutions based on the factors of depression and hopelessness are considered and confirmed. One of the ways to prevent suicide is to train primary care physicians and health workers in methods of identifying individuals at risk, diagnosing and stopping a developing crisis, limiting access to means of suicide with the provision of subsequent support. The presented review focuses on the need for screening inpatients with "dormant" suicidality, the emotional content of messages in social networks to prevent intent and improve mental health. Conclusion. Screening for hidden suicidal tendencies with subsequent provision of emergency care can potentially prevent suicide, especially in the elderly. Suicidality corresponds to the general level of seeking medical help, therefore there is a need for diagnostic and suicide prevention tools for people undergoing treatment in somatic hospitals who are unlikely to seek outpatient or specialized psychiatric help.