The relationship between migration and demographic aging of the population of the RF regions: analysis at the level of age groups

The main purpose of the article is to analyze the aging process in the migration context. It provides a brief overview of the main areas of case studies that reveal the relationship between aging and migration: the impact of migration of the working-age population and population aging on the labor market, demographic and social burden, etc. The article discusses methods for assessing the influence of socio-demographic factors on the regional characteristics of the Russian population aging. Using data from Rosstat, we tested the hypotheses of the influence of two migration effects that slow down (compensate) the process of demographic aging: 1) high migration growth slows down the rate of aging, 2) intensive emigration of the elderly population helps to slow down the process of demographic aging and allows regions to remain in the group of the least «old ones.» At the same time, the initial hypothesis that the regions with migration growth will maintain a younger age composition was not confirmed. On the contrary, the highest positive migration growth is characteristic of the oldest regions. This is explained by the primacy of population reproduction factors (fertility and mortality) - it is they, and not migration, that determine the age composition of the population and its changes in dynamics (as opposed to the rate of aging). The relationships between life expectancy and population aging by region, changes in the proportion of older people depending on migration growth have been identified, and a typology of regions has been developed based on the rate of aging and migration growth. The dependence of the rate of population aging by region on the level of separate macroeconomic indicators is considered.