The relationship of the level of serum ferritin and transferrin with morphological and functional indicators in athlete students

The main function of iron in the human body is to ensure the transport of oxygen from the lungs to the tissues in the composition of hemoglobin molecules. With its deficiency, there is a deterioration in aerobic processes in brain tissues, muscle metabolism, physical performance and endurance, and immunity. In athletes, iron deficiency can occur latently for some time, leading to the depletion of its reserves. In this aspect, it is important to assess the depot and metabolism of iron in people involved in physical culture and sports, and especially in athletes of high achievements. The purpose of the study was to assess the levels of ferritin and transferrin in the blood serum of people systematically engaged in physical culture and sports and their relationship with indicators of physical development and physical performance. A survey was conducted of 44 students (34 male and 10 female students) who regularly go in for physical culture and sports in such sports as athletics, freestyle wrestling, boxing, mas-wrestling, table tennis, archery, national jumping, northern all-around. In the studied groups, the levels of ferritin and transferrin in blood serum, body composition by bio impedancemetry, heart rate, hand dynamometry to assess muscle strength were determined. As a result of the studies, a relationship was established between a decrease in the concentration of serum ferritin and the strength of the muscles of the hand, endurance, indicators of the cardiovascular system, and others. A direct correlation was found r=0,312 (p=0,04) between the level of serum ferritin and the index of hand dynamometry. The complex of physiological changes caused by iron deficiency can limit the professional capabilities of athletes and their ability to achieve high sports results. From the results of the study, the conclusion follows that it is necessary to regularly assess the level of iron storage in the body of people who are intensively engaged in physical culture and sports in order to timely compensate for iron deficiency and improve professional performance in sports, which is extremely important in obtaining high results in sports of high achievements.