Western Murman: features of the formation of the cultural landscape in the II half of XIX - early XX centuries

The article examines the experience of the development of Arctic territories in the XIX -early XX century. Western Murmansk is a part of the Murmansk coast of the Kola Peninsula, where a government colonization project was implemented, as a result of which new settlements were founded, which served the further development of the region. The cultural landscape in this study is considered as a unity of geographical space and human activity in all its manifestations. The study of the cultural landscape of Western Murmansk makes it possible to move from a monodisciplinarian approach to a comprehensive study of nature and culture in connection with historical, ethnic, and economic features. The sources of the study of the cultural landscape in this study are scientific and artistic texts of the late XIX - early XX century (descriptions, maps, statistical data, metric books, drawings, etc.). The analysis of the texts revealed the specifics of the formation of the cultural landscape (features of toponymy, spatial orientation of settlements, the life of local residents). In general, the cultural landscape of Western Murmansk represents a unique experience of interaction between nature and man in extreme northern conditions.