The beginnings of the Russian police in the eastern part of the Azov region: a historical and legal aspect

Introduction: The article considers the process of Russian police in the Eastern Azov region, prolonged in time for the period from the second half of the XVIII century to the beginning of the XIX century, which was a consequence of consolidation of Russia's sovereignty over this territory and the need to establish in the region of domestic public authorities. However, this process was longer, as there was practically no settled population in the Azov Region, freed from the domination of the Ottoman Porte and the Crimean Khanate, which was compensated by the intensive migration of Armenians, Greeks, Jews, Italians, Russians, Serbs under the protection of the established military fortresses: Saint Dimitry of Rostov, Troitsk (Taganrog), Azov and Yeisk fortification. In addition, part of the Azov region was given to the Don Cossack Army, stationed in Miussk Land, to provide a legal regime for the use of natural resources. Materials and Methods: During the preparation of the scientific article, texts of international legal treaties regulating the issues of establishing sovereignty over the Eastern Azov Region were used: the Andrianopol Peace Treaty of 1713, the Belgrade Peace Treaty of 1739, the Constantinople treaties of 1700 and 1720, the Kuchuk Kainarji treaty of 1774 and the Prut treaty of 1711. The legal acts on the basis of which the Russian police had originated in the region were then used, with the understanding that the process was complex and at times contradictory. In this respect, the administrative-territorial structure of the region changed repeatedly at the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries, which was reflected in the structure of the local police. During the preparation of the article a complex of general scientific and special scientific methods was used, among which are of particular interest: analysis, synthesis, induction and deduction, as well as formal-logical and historical-legal methodology, which allowed to come to certain conclusions on the results of the work done. The Results of the Study: in the conclusion of the scientific article the authors justifiably emphasize the importance of the chosen topic, because in the XVIII century there was a process of birth of police in the territory, recently incorporated into Russia, but also for the present is characterized by an identical situation, associated with the sovereign choice of citizens of several administrative-territorial entities to live in the same state with Russia. In addition, the authors define the historical and legal period of the origin of the Russian police in the Azov Sea region, and note that this process had a dualistic character associated with the creation of the Ekaterinoslav province administration and the Don Cossack army administration in different parts of the Eastern Azov Sea region. Findings and Conclusions: An important outcome of this research is the explication of the fact that the birth of the Russian police in the pre-Soviet period took place in the provinces in a distinctive way, not characteristic of both capitals and the great Russian provinces of the Russian Empire. The formed shape of the forces of law and order was conditioned by objective reality, which was predetermined by various circumstances from the sphere of domestic politics and international legal relations. Until 1775, the Azov Sea coast was a sparsely populated border region, and during the following decades the legislator tried to regulate the topical issues concerning the settlement of the region by Russian subjects and the organization of public authorities in the places where they lived.