Foreign experience of cluster operation

The article considers and summarizes the experience of cluster formations functioning in foreign countries. The dynamics of the “level of cluster development” sub index - the Index of global competitiveness of the world and Russia-is analyzed. Theoretical and methodological bases of cluster formation and development are considered. The world experience of their formation and effective functioning is analyzed. The advantages of combining enterprises in clusters and the impact of the latter on the development of technology transfer are determined. The main obstacles to the formation of cluster structures at the present stage of the innovative model of development of the world’s economies are presented.