Protection of agricultural crops from weeds and pests in the field edge area

In the system of integrated plant protection of cultivated crops from weeds and pests, an important role is played by the chemical method of spraying the field edge area planted by a protective forest belt. There has been proposed a technical device with a device including an axial fan with a hydraulic drive equipped with a conical nozzle, on the generatrix of which slot sprayers of liquid are placed. The polydispersity of the liquid in a mass ratio together with the created air flow of the jet, excluding coagulation of droplets, is distributed in the form of an airborne droplet system to weeds and pests. The purpose of the study is to analyze technical means of chemical plant protection and develop a method that combines the effect of large drops of pesticides on weeds, and small drops on pests in the filed edge area. The study was carried out using a technique for assessing the dispersion of droplets on object cards located in the area of their deposition from a polydisperse jet on the soil surface and on rising grounds in the direction of its spread to the forest belt. Analysis of the data obtained on targeted droplet deposition shows that the basis of research should be the consideration of the supply of droplets of sprayed liquid into the air stream of the jet while maintaining their original sizes, which determines their targeted deposition on treatment objects. Such conditions are met at certain mass ratio of liquid and air flow when using slot nozzles of various types with different liquid pressures. The number of drops varies depending on the liquid pressure and the sprayer used, which determines their rational use in the technology of applying field edge treatment. Technical means: aviation, aerosol generators and fans are limited in the universal application of high-performance, resource-saving and environmentally friendly modern plant protection technologies. The main criterion when using the chemical method is the simultaneous fulfillment of agrotechnical requirements but it is not met.