Female scientists in academic science — a victory of feminism or a general human progress?

The issue of women's participation in scientific activities involves at least two approaches. From a general historical and gender neutral position, we can talk about the contribution of outstanding scientists who had the opportunity to get an education and do what they loved to science. The task of a more specific, gender-oriented direction of history - Herstory - is to emphasize the experience and work of women who played a prominent role in the deveiopment of science and are undeservedly in the shadow of the patriarchal world. Based on the example of outstanding female scientists in the field of exact sciences, we have illustrated the validity of feminist aspirations, gender approach to the development of science, progress of social relations. The recognition of high scientific achievements, contribution to world science is presentation of the Nobel Prizes. Among the Nobel laureates in physics in the entire history of the prize there where only five women and the dates of their awarding chronologically coincided with the "waves" of the feminist movement. We believe that this fact testifies that contrary to stereotypes, the achievements of female scientists and feminist influence overcome the patriarchal resistance of public opinion.