Adaptation of heart pumping function to muscle activity

Aim. The aim of this article is to study movement quickness, speed endurance, heart pumping function, mental efficiency, and the role of nitric oxide (NO) in the conditions of body adaptation to muscular trainings of various intensity. Materials and Methods. By means of human studies, we established the consistent pattern of heart pumping function, mental efficiency, and physiological properties of the locomotor system. In order to study some regulation mechanisms of heart pumping function we conducted rat studies to define the regulatory role of nitric oxide (NO). Results. We found out that with the improvement of athletic performance the indices of movement quickness and speed endurance increase. Their rate of change depends on the character and intensity of muscular loads performed. Moderate muscular load contributes to more intense development of the quantitative indices of mental efficiency. The training process aimed at the development of endurance creates conditions for more energy efficient functioning of the cardiovascular system of rats in comparison with animals adapted to movement quickness. Conclusion. Changes in the nitric oxide (NO) content of the tissues of rats trained for movement quickness and general endurance mostly coincide with previously established consistent patterns of variation in norepinephrine and acetylcholine concentration in the heart tissues of trained rats.