Adaptive reactions of students’ blood circulation in the dynamics of the annual cycle of study at the university

Increasing training loads significantly affects the health of students. The cardiovascular system can react especially sharply to such changes. The purpose of the research is to analyze the indicators of systemic hemodynamics and adaptive reactions in students at Volgograd State University in the dynamics of the academic year. The study of hemodynamics was carried out in 2021-2023, from September to May. The following indicators were used: systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse pressure, mean hemodynamic pressure, systolic blood flow volume, minute volume of blood flow and peripheral vascular resistance. When analyzing the parameters of systemic hemodynamics, it was found that seasonal changes in the values of mean hemodynamic pressure, systolic blood volume, minute volume of blood circulation and total peripheral vascular resistance are insignificant among students during the academic year. At the same time, a trend of changes in systemic hemodynamics was revealed during the three years of study. So, in comparison with the first year, the students in the second year showed an increase in the pumping function of the heart; in the third year of study, an increase in the chronotropic function was revealed. The change in hemodynamic indicators is also consistent with fluctuations in the adaptive potential, a decrease in which is noted during the examination and summer periods. At the same time, the level of adaptation in girls is, as a rule, higher than in boys, which indicates more effective adaptive capabilities of the female body.