«Axiological objectivity» in the system of value orientations in German and Russian neo-Kantianism

Considered is the category of "axiological objectivity" in the system of value orientations in the comparative context of the concepts of German and Russian neo-Kantianism. By "axiological objectivity" we mean the relation of an object or thing to the value. The system of value orientations thus reflects the identification of the object-value, the relation of the object to the value and the alienation of the object from the value. The conducted analysis of the philosophy of neo-Kantianism shows that I. Kant initially identified an object, a "thing" with the value as a "thing in itself" and "a thing for us", thereby sharing absolute and relative values. A further trend in the philosophy of German neo-Kantianism shows a more indirect attitude towards objectivity, which only correlates with the value. According to H. Rickert, in this context, an object or a thing is not a value itself, but only an "indication" of a transcendental value. The thinker also alienates the object from the value arguing that if the thing is not the good of culture associated with the transcendental value, then this object becomes nature devoid of meaning. Russian neo-Kantianism, in turn, "returns" the identity of the object and the value. According to T. Raynov and F. Stepun, the value in this case is the "unity" of the subject and meaning realized through creativity. That is, the realized creativity in the subject is the "object-value" expressed in art.