Actual problems of criminal law

This paper considers the diversity of concepts and perceptions of the essence of criminal responsibility and the necessity of considering various approaches to defining this object. The author identifies three main approaches to the interpretation of criminal responsibility: as the implementation of criminal-legal sanctions, as a structural element of criminal legal relations, and as a consequence of the violation of criminal law norms. The issue of the legality of the death penalty, which remains controversial and requires changes to the country's constitution, is also discussed in the work.