Alexandr V. Ryumin – the forgotten biologist

Alexander Ryumin is an extraordinary scientist, all his adult life and scientific career occurred mainly from the second half of the thirties up to the seventies of the twentieth century. Since childhood, his approach to science and the biological worldview was formed by Peter A. Manteufel at the Club of young biologists at the Moscow zoo. He graduated from the Moscow state University in 1936. His teachers and mentors were the great biologists: Mikhail A. Menzbir and Alexey N. Severtsov. He was interested in a wide range of biological problems associated with body temperature and thermoregulation in different animal groups, energy of living systems, the activities of the central nervous system, evolutionary process, biocenology, etc. He described the important evolutionary principle of stabilization of high body temperature in the evolution of vertebrates, and other biological regularities. In addition, he was involved in paleontological research, mostly of the Paleolithic period. In this regard, he was acquainted with such great scientists as Alexander Ya. Bryusov and Ivan A. Efremov and received help and support from them. He is known as a discoverer of the gallery of Paleolithic paintings in Kapova cave in the Southern Urals in Bashkiria. However, A. V. Ryumin, as a scientist with extraordinary thinking, was almost completely forgotten in subsequent generations of biologists. In the article the biography of A. V. Ryumin and the whole range of his scientific interests are described.