Alternative conduits for coronary bypass surgery

During the last decade many countries have witnessed a dramatic increase in the number of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. As a consequence, the number of patients with insufficient or inadequate autologous vessels suitable for use as coronary artery grafts is also increasing. These patients may include those who have had previous heart operations, as well as those with bilateral varicose veins and phlebectomy. Given the shortage of autologous grafts, prosthetic and biological conduits are available for use in CABG. However, a small-diameter vascular prosthesis with acceptable long-term patency still remains the cherished wish for cardiovascular surgeons.