Biocompatibility analysis of Ti6Al4V alloy for reconstruction of bone defects "in vivo"

Introduction. With the increase in the number of primary arthroplasty, the need for revision joint arthroplasty is steadily growing, which in turn requires new approaches such as 3D printing and materials for their implementation. One of the main areas of 3D printing of medical implants from biocompatible materials today is titanium alloy Ti6Al4V.Objectives: To evaluate the degree of osseointegration of titanium alloy Ti6Al4V depending on structural porosity in an in vivo study.Methods: We used a graph of a porous structure based on Ti6Al4V to study biological characteristics. These included cell adhesion, cell morphology, and cell proliferation, as well as osseointegration. We evaluated these in an in vivo experiment by creating samples in the form of cylinders with a diameter of 4 mm and a height of 8 mm, in several copies with different cell widths. The cell width of the porous structure was included in four different ranges: 0.3-0.39 mm, 0.4-0.45 mm, 0.46-0.49, and 0.5-0.59. All samples had a beam thickness of 0.45-0.5 mm, so four groups were formed. Ten clinically healthy animals were used in the experiment, and the graphs were observed for up to 30 days.Results: Based on an in vivo experimental study, we have proven that Ti6Al4V titanium alloy samples with a porosity of 0.4-0.49 mm provide better bone tissue regeneration.Conclusion: The obtained results can be associated with the correlation between bone pore sizes and graph porosity. However, this requires further research into the issue and subsequent studies. The fi dings obtained can be utilized to fill bone defects during personalized endoprosthetics using 3D components, allowing for a long-lasting service life.