Analysis of the current legal system of the Russian Federation in the field of cyber law and cybersecurity

In the context of the rapid development of digital technologies and growing cyber threats, issues of legal regulation of cyberspace are becoming crucial for ensuring national security. This article provides a comprehensive assessment of the current legal system of the Russian Federation in the field of cyberlaw and cybersecurity, identifies its systemic shortcomings, and formulates proposals for improving the regulatory framework. The need for a clear legal definition of the concepts of “cybersecurity” and “cyberspace” in the context of modern realities is substantiated. The author’s definitions of these categories are formulated, reflecting the technological and socio-legal aspects of the digital environment and the activities of subjects. An analysis of legal sources, strategic documents, and scientific approaches revealed a lack of standardized terminology, weak consistency of regulations, and insufficient adaptation of the legal system to the dynamics of the development of cyber threats. The absence of a unified concept of cybersecurity and a coordinated policy in this area reduces the effectiveness of the state response to cyber threats. The study emphasizes the importance of the participation of the private sector, the scientific community, and regional cooperation in ensuring a resilient digital environment. The study concluded that it is necessary to develop a Cybersecurity Concept for the Russian Federation as a strategic document capable of ensuring a holistic and systemic approach to managing digital risks and information security. Particular attention is paid to the importance of interdepartmental and public-private cooperation, the development of technical regulation mechanisms, and regional cooperation within integration associations. Measures are proposed to strengthen the legal, technical, and personnel framework, aimed at enhancing the digital sovereignty, resilience, and independence of the Russian Federation in the field of cyberlaw and cybersecurity.