Analysis of genetic diversity, structure and differentiation of Pinus sylvestris L. populations in the Urals

The article is devoted to a molecular genetic analysis of nine populations of Pinus sylvestris L. in the Urals was carried out using ISSR (Inter Simple Sequence Repeats) DNA polymorphism analysis. 141 DNA fragments were identified, of which 8 (5.67%) are unique. The studied populations of Scots pine revealed an average level of genetic diversity (P95 = 0.886; I = 0.224; HE = 0.141; ne = 1.301). It was revealed that two populations from the southern part of the Southern Urals are characterized by reduced genetic diversity, these are populations from Salavat (P95 = 0.746; I = 0.142; HE = 0.091; ne = 1.153) and Mechetlinsky (P95 = 0.702; I = 0.117; HE = 0.071; ne = 1.106) districts of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Analysis of the genetic structure showed that the studied populations are divided into 4 clusters, generally corresponding to their geographical location. It was found that the studied populations are characterized by an average degree of differentiation (GST = 0.315). Correlation analysis revealed an average positive correlation between geographic and genetic distances (R2 = 0.358). The results of the study can be used to draw up programs for the restoration and efficient use of forest genetic resources.