Analysis of the structures of sowing complexes

The article describes the technological process of seeding complexes, gives an overview of seeding machines of Russian and foreign production. Classification is given in the article: by the type of fan drive; by the type of sowing units drive; by the location of hoppers for seeds and fertilizers; by the location of working elements for pre-sowing soil preparation. The benefits of different fan drives and sowing units are analyzed. The schemes of arrangement of hoppers for seeds and fertilizers of seeding complexes are presented, and the advantages and disadvantages of the arrangement of seeding machine hopper are considered. It is established that seeding complexes are equipped with single-disc, double-disc, tine, chisel and anchor coulters. Their advantages and disadvantages are given. The schemes of arrangement of working bodies for pre-sowing tillage are considered. The use of seeding complexes when sowing crops allows to carry out several operations in one pass, such as pre-sowing tillage, sowing, packing up before and after sowing, leveling the soil. Through the use of combined seeding machines sowing quality improves, grain and legume crops yield increases, as well as productivity per working hour, fuel-lubricants and labour costs decrease, production cost decreases.