Analysis of multi-stage transmissions of transport vehicles and global trends in their development

The article analyzes the main requirements for transmissions of promising transport vehicles, determined by their type, main technical-economic and functional characteristics. Their detailing determines the values of the speed and power ranges, the speed and traction-dynamic characteristics of the machine; the type of control system that provides the possibility or impossibility of switching without interrupting the power flow, convenience and ease of gearshift control, etc.; mass-dimensional and inertial parameters, compliance with the layout conditions of the machine; compliance with the expected operating conditions and the scale of production, the level of unification. In addition, important additional requirements include the ability to diagnose and implement automatic control systems using the capabilities of the information and control system of the machine; reducing the level of power consumption in rotating transmission elements; limiting dynamic and vibro-acoustic loading, modularity of the design with the possibility of introducing torsional vibration dampers, noise-absorbing devices and retarders. The paper concludes that a reasonable choice of the kinematic scheme of the projected transmission, taking into account the above factors, is decisive when creating power-generating units of promising transport vehicles that best meet functional, operational and ergonomic requirements. For this purpose, the analysis of the solution of the following important areas of solving the problems of developing a transmission for special wheeled vehicles at the early stages of design in relation to operating conditions on public roads, as well as in severe road conditions in Siberia and the Far East. The purpose of the proposed brief review is to substantiate the choice of kinematic automatic transmission circuits in accordance with current trends in their development. At the same time, the tasks of analyzing the features and level of perfection of gearshift mechanisms and systems are solved; the existing system for assessing the quality indicators of the kinematic transmission scheme; modern methods of forecasting and ensuring the required level of dynamic and vibroacoustic loading of energy-power units of transport vehicles.