Analysis of being equipped of agricultural machinery with safety means, consequences and ways to solve the problem

On the basis of detailed surveys of the means of electromechanization of technological processes and production in agriculture, a generalized analysis of the level of their equipment with methods and means of safety is presented. Quantitative indicators are given for the components of the problem. It is noted that the average level of electromechanization of technological processes does not exceed 78%, and for labor protection measures - 18-25% (including innovative ones). Attention is focused on the absence and constructive imperfection of the used agricultural machinery and equipment of safety interlocks for the main sources and causes of severe and fatal injuries (winding on cardan shafts, overturning units, starting their engines when the transmission is engaged in the transmission, falling out of the cabins of cars and bus interiors when the beginning of their movement with open doors, spontaneous uncontrolled rolling of units when working in uneven terrain and roads - especially when descending and ascending on wet, icy and snowy roads, heat shocks when working in high temperatures - greenhouses, fields in the southern regions of the country, loading and unloading and transportation of animals, collision of vehicles and hitting obstacles, falling asleep of drivers behind the wheel of moving cars, instability of cranes in agricultural construction, insufficient level of protection against electric shock during the operation of truck cranes in the area of power lines, electric shock, and more). The consequence of the above is injuries and morbidity of workers. The quantitative indicators are provided. It is noted that, as a counteraction to the above, the Strategy and tactics of dynamic reduction and elimination of occupational injuries and diseases in the agro-industrial complex on the basis of half a century of research work of the labor protection scientific and pedagogical school of the Leningrad Agricultural Institute - St. Petersburg State Agrarian University has been substantiated and developed; a list of sources for the familiarization of specialists is given.