Analysis of competitive reliability of performance in the kata discipline in karate

Relevance. In the kata discipline, an athlete must demonstrate a high degree of coordination dexterity, strictly observe the spatio-temporal characteristics of the technique, a certain sequence of movements, balance, control of muscle tension and relaxation, breathing and synchronicity of movements during group performance of kata. Due to the specificity of the kata discipline, there are significantly fewer studies in this area compared to the kumite (fights) discipline. Nevertheless, enough material has already been accumulated for a comprehensive analysis and replenishment of the lack of knowledge about the tactics of choosing a competitive exercise, style and gender preferences, the effectiveness of a particular exercise, which determined the purpose of this study. Purpose of the study. To determine the most important factors influencing competitive reliability in the kata discipline in karate. Research methods: analysis of scientific literature, pedagogical observation, video analysis of competitions of highly qualified athletes in the kata discipline, data analysis using mathematical statistics. The analysis was carried out only for those kata, the frequency of which was at least 10 performances. To determine statistically significant differences between kata, style and the final result of the competition, the Chi-Square criterion was used. A total of 1852 kata were performed (1037 kata for men and 815 kata for women). The success of the kata was assessed by the average value of the judge’s vote (raising the flag of the corresponding color). Gender preferences in the choice and success of kata are represented by the probability of a successful outcome (P). Results of the study. It was determined that highly skilled athletes choose Shito-ryu and Shotokan kata for performances, Goju-ryu kata much less often, the percentage of using kata of other styles is negligible. The most successful kata are Goju-ryu, followed by Shito-ryu and Shotokan kata. Male athletes more often choose Shotokan kata, while among women, Shito-ryu kata are the most preferred. However, in terms of the ratio of the number of performances and the success of a specific kata, the greatest advantage is for the Heiku and Patyu kata, representing the Shito-ryu style. The revealed gender preferences determine the choice of less physically “loaded” kata by women. The most successful athletes among men and women saved their longest and most complex kata for final performances or performances against an equal opponent. Conclusion. The obtained data on the frequency and success of performing certain style kata, gender differences in choice are a guide for coaches and athletes when choosing tactics for performing in the kata discipline in karate.