Analysis of transformation of the North-Eastern Caucasus urbogeosystem with GIS-technologies

The study contains the results of comparative analysis of the transformation processes in large urbogeosystem of the North-Eastern Caucasus, which is most clearly evidenced by changes in the area of built-up lands. The building processes were the fastest in Makhachkala during the period of 1986-2015, where the built-up areas increased al-most threefold, as a result of low-rise buildings. During this period the building processes were simi-lar in Grozny and Nazran and increased to 25.1 sq. km. and 26.7 sq. km respectively. Some similar and distinctive features were found in functional zoning of Grozny, Nazran and Makhachkala for different purposes in the period of 2005-2015 in the dynam-ics of five-year intervals using GIS-technologies. The squares of residential areas increased in all three cities. This growth was due to agricultural land in Makhachkala and Nazran, and in Grozny was mainly due to the reconstruction of destroyed buildings during the hostilities of residential proper-ties, which were included in the production and en-gineering area. Also in the analyzed cities urban social and business areas increased due to the construction of social and cultural heritage. During this period the territories of recreational zone in-creased in Grozny, as a result of the increase both of forestation and self-healing tree plantations in green zone in the south of Grozny. The forest area per capita also prevails in the capital of Chechen Republic (1.9 sq. meters per a person), where it increased over 5 sq. km during the previous ten years. Such indicator is much lower in Nazran and Makhachkala. The increase of the innovation po-tential will lead to more sustainable development of urbogeosystem of the North-Eastern Caucasus. The North-Eastern Caucasus urbogeosystem must be developed not only in traditional areas (industry, tourism, wholesale/retail sales of consumption goods), but also implementing innovative technolo-gies in science, education and the production sphere.