The reproduction analysis of the Bai-Tal type yaks of the breed Sarlyk under the conditions of the Bai-Tal State Unitary Enterprise of the Republic of Tuva

The purpose of research is to study the structure of the herd and determine the indicators of the reproductive qualities of yaks. The study was conducted in the Bai-Tal State Unitary Enterprise of the Republic of Tuva. The objects of the study are female yaks of the Bai-Tal type of the Sarlyk breed aged from 3 to 10 years in the amount of 479 heads. Analysis of the reproduction of the breeding stock of yaks was carried out on the basis of reporting data for 2018-2020 according to the number of the total number of yaks, including broodstock, the number of pregnant animals and the business output of calves. It has been established that in the structure of the herd of this farm there are 25.3 % of female yaks, heifers older than 2 years and heifers - 23.2 %, heifers of 1-2 years of age and the current year of birth accounted for 21.1 %. Characteristic of the structure of the herd of yaks is a significant proportion of young heifers (44.3 %), which allows timely repair of the broodstock. The load per sire is on average 6-7 female yaks. An analysis of the reproductive qualities of female yaks of the State Unitary Enterprise Bai-Tal showed that of those surveyed in 2018-2020 female yaks, the business yield of calves ranged from 74 to 78 %, while in the base farm this figure was from 65-67 %, which is 15 % higher on average. To fully realize the genetic potential of yaks and improve the breeding and productive qualities of animals, it is necessary to improve the existing and develop advanced forms of organizing the reproduction of the herd using rational technology for year-round grazing.