Anthropomorphous masks and «Neolithic revolution» of the culture of ancient peoples of North Asia

«Neolithic revolution» is in the picture of not only material but of spiritual culture of North Asia ancient peoples. In cave art this is marked by the appearance of a new subject, that is, anthropomorphous masks. Iconography of archaic masks, heart-shaped objects, is determined by the projection of the volume on to the flat surface by way of symmetrical superimposition of its profiles. Symmetrical scanning illustrates the binary opposition principle both - on the social relations level and on the world view level. It shows the archaic horizontal model of the world order where river or water-reservoir play the major role. Ichtiomorphous symbolism of masks, petroglyph subjects (boat-masks) illustrate their semantic ties with aqua environment. Stability of archaic masks (in time and space) is revealed in different aspects of socio-cultural life of ancient societies.