Archetypical meanings of national thinking in the context of the classification the stages of the solar myth in a folk toy

The article discusses the possibility of applying the principles of folk pedagogy related to the visibility and narrative of myth and folk toys. An example of using the mythological structures of the folk toy pattern horse / rider for the interpretation of the iconic works of sculpture of Russian classics and modern art is given. It is shown how the classification of images of horses and riders according to the stages of the daily mythological Path of the solar deity, into three types - the type of passionate sacrifice, the type of solar rider at the initial stage of the heavenly Path and the type of rider at the peak of the solar Path allows to reinterpret a number of classical works, such as Monument to Peter I E.-M. Falcone and Alexander III by P.P. Trubetskoy. Based on the same codes, an extremely controversial monument was given to Sholokhov by A.I. Rukavishnikov, as well as the possibilities of postmodern approaches to the creation of a new epos in the work “The Conquest of Siberia” by Y. Safardiar. It was concluded that the acquaintance of pupils at the level of primary and secondary schools with the archetypical semantic forms of national thinking imprisoned in folk toys will allow them to navigate freely and comprehend the symbolic meanings hidden in the imagery of sculpture.