Association of mitochondrial DNA C7028T, G3010A, G9055A polymorphisms and the severity of chronic heart failure of ischemic genesis

Introduction. Common mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) polymorphisms can affect the intensity of cellular respiration and the production of reactive oxygen species. Excessive amounts of reactive oxygen species lead to oxidative stress, which contributes to the development of multifactorial diseases. It can be expected that mtDNA polymorphisms can act as candidate risk loci for the development or progression of cardiovascular pathology. Aim: To evaluate the association of mtDNA polymorphisms C7028T, G3010A and G9055A with the severity of chronic heart failure (CHF) in patients with ischemic heart disease. Material and Methods. The sample included 97 patients aged 63 (58; 68) years. A history of myocardial infarction was diagnosed in 74 (76.3%) patients. Standard clinical and instrumental research methods were performed. The mtDNA polymorphisms were determined using polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Results. It was found that among patients with a moderately reduced ejection fraction, the 7028T allele was found 2 times more often than among patients with preserved and reduced ejection fraction (EF) (78.9% versus 34.3% and 34.9%, p = 0.002). In patients with low EF and right atrial dilation, the frequency of the 7028C allele was 8 (44.4%), the 7028T allele – 10 (55.6%); without dilation – 20 (80.0%) and 5 (20.0%) (p = 0.024). There was no association between the G3010A polymorphism and parameters characterizing the severity of CHF. However, the frequency of 3010A substitution was lower among patients requiring diuretic therapy than among those not taking diuretics (8.6% vs. 30.8%, p = 0.005). Only 3 patients (3.1%) were identified with the 9055A allele. Conclusion. Among patients with CHF of ischemic genesis, an association of mtDNA C7028T polymorphism with a heart failure phenotype with a moderately reduced left ventricular EF and in group with low EF with right atrial dilation was revealed. The mtDNA G3010A polymorphism was associated with a diuretic prescription.