Autoimmune diseases and their manifestations in the oral cavity

The article analyzes the features of the manifestation of autoimmune diseases in the oral cavity. Lesions of the oral mucosa associated with immune dysfunction or suspected autoimmune etiology can be symptomatic and seriously affect the quality of life of patients. Recurrent aphthous stomatitis is one of the most common oral ulcers: it occurs in one in five people. Its etiology is unknown, but it is assumed that it is a multifactorial process involving genetic susceptibility and related factors. Lichen planus erythematosus is an autoimmune disease mediated by T cells that can affect the mucous membrane of the skin, eyes, vagina and mouth. Its estimated prevalence ranges from 0.22 to 5% worldwide. Erythema multiforme is an abnormal immune response mediated by T cells, which is clinically manifested by ulceration of the skin and oral cavity, as well as classic target - like lesions. It occurs in less than 1% of people. Usually, lesions of the oral mucosa in autoimmune diseases have a chronic and recurrent course. Their therapy is limited to treating signs and symptoms during periods of relapse and maintaining periods of latency by avoiding the provoking etiology.