Biochemical characteristics of promising sour cherry cultivars fruits

Cherry fruits are rich in nutrients and phytochemicals with a relatively low calorie content, which is one of the main reasons for its growing popularity in the human diet. This article presents the results of biochemical studies on the content of nutrient and biologically active substances of 16 cultivars and 4 selected and elite forms of sour cherry from the gene pool of the Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding (Orel Region). The studies were conducted for more than two years, from 2018 to 2019. The experimental plantings were planted in 2011. The plants grow according to the generally accepted pattern of 3 x 5 m. The content of soluble solids, organic acids, the amount of sugars, ascorbic acid (vitamin C) in the fruits was studied. For each of the cultivars, selected and elite forms, the sugar-acid index was calculated. As a result of the analysis of the obtained data, the best genotypes were identified for each biochemical component: for soluble dry substances - cultivars Vereya, Muza, Podarok Uchitelyam, Prevoskhodnaya Venyaminova, Putinka, Rovesnitsa; select form 84847; for organic acids - cultivars Businka, Bystrinka, Griot Ostheimsky, Novella, Podarok Uchitelyam, Prevoskhodnaya Venyaminova, Putinka, selective form 85854; by the sum of sugars - cultivars Vereya, Muza, Novella, Podarok Uchitelyam, Prevoskhodnaya Venyaminova, Putinka, Rovesnitsa, selective forms 84847, 84854; for ascorbic acid - varieties Bystrinka, Vereya, Kapelka, Novella, Orlitsa, Putinka, Turgenevka, Shokoladnitsa, selective form 84735. These cultivars are of great interest for further selection for improving the chemical composition of cherry fruits.