Biological features and analysis of biochemical composition of Allium grande Lipsky under introduction

The aim of the study is to investigate the biological characteristics and analyze the biochemical compo-sition of the rare endemic species Allium grande Lipsky in the conditions of the South Ural Botanical Gar-den of the Ufa FRC of the RAS (Ufa). The study was conducted in the introduction conditions of the forest-steppe zone from 2011 to 2024. A study of morphometric parameters revealed that all indicators in 2022 exceeded those in 2023. The most significant differences were observed in the height and diameter of the generative shoot and the diameter of the flower. The species is characterized by relatively stable seed productivity, but the indicators vary from year to year. Actual seed productivity is significantly lower than potential. The results of one-way analysis of variance revealed a significant high effect of annual condi-tions on all parameters. Most parameters are characterized by normal variation (Cv – 6,3–28,6 %). Re-gression analysis of the dependence of seed weight on their number showed that an increase in the num-ber of seeds is accompanied by a decrease in their weight. The conducted analysis of the biochemical composition revealed that the species is rich in biologically active substances (ascorbic acid – 165.32 mg%). Presumably, the species requires hot, dry weather at the beginning of the growing season to maximize reproductive performance. This favorably influences the production of flowers, fruits, and seeds, but negatively impacts seed size. To enhance ornamental qualities, optimal conditions during this period include low temperatures and adequate moisture. The species is stable in cultivation and holds promise for cultivation in introduced conditions, which facilitates its conservation and preservation.