Biopsychosocial model as conceptual base for differential diagnostics of schizotypal disorders and progressing forms of schizophrenia

The present stage of development of the biopsychosocial concept of mental disorders is characterized by purposefulness of the interdisciplinary approach in study of nervous system diseases. The choice of methods of research (fractal analysis of EEG, investigation of immunological parameters and cognitive style) has been conditioned by authors' aspiration to reveal peculiarities of specified forms of pathology at fundamental levels of the biological organization of process and mental functioning of the individual. Authentic distinctions between investigated groups of patients with schizotypal disorders and progressing forms of schizophrenia in all three groups of parameters have been received: immune system; the bioelectric activity of brain investigated with multi-fractal analysis of EEG; cognitive styles, reflecting opportunities of socio-psychological adaptation of patients. In authors' opinion, the present research within biopsychosocial model of mental disorders allows definition of reference points of further research in the field of pathogenesis of schizophrenia spectrum disorders and opens new opportunities both for differential diagnostics, and for complex etiopathogenic rehabilitation for patients with those mental disorders. The functional diagnosis can become a practical tool in realization of tasks in view which provides a «three-dimensional» estimation of a condition of the patient and is described within triad approach, each of which is formulated in diagnostic categories inherent in it: clinical-biological, psychological and social.