Biogenic calcium phosphate materials implanted into canine bone defects and their biocompatibility

Purpose To study the biocompatibility of implantation calcium phosphate (CP) materials from bovine bone tissue and its dependence on their composition Materials and methods The authors studied the biocompatibility of three implantation calcium phosphate materials obtained by an original technology on experimental animals (dogs). The materials obtained from bovine bone tissue by its demineralization and sedimentation out of the CP salts solutions. Serum proteins (SP) of the molecular mass of 20-30 kDa that were isolated from blood serum of the dogs with active osteogenesis were added to CP composition in order to improve the characteristics of biocompatibility. The isolation was performed using the methods of salting-out, dialysis and gel permeation chromatography. CP materials and their composites were implanted into the defects of long bone metaphyses. The study was performed using the methods of infrared spectroscopy, X-ray electron probe microanalysis, and light and scanning electron microscopy. Chemical composition of CP materials, reparative osteogenesis character and its intensity were determined quantitatively and qualitatively. The diameter of the implant particles of the tissues that filled the cancellous defect area were evaluated histomorphometrically. Results It was found that the implanted materials differed in biodegradation, osteoinduction and osteoconduction properties. CP materials that were the closest to bone tissue by their composition had a higher degree of biocompatibility Conclusion The proposed CP materials can be used in clinical practice for filling posttraumatic defects and correction of the pathological conditions accompanied by osteoporosis or bone loss.