"Bureaucratic yoke" of St. Petersburg in the reflection of Russian intellectual classics of the late 19th - early 20th century

The author proceeds from still in large measure incomprehensible phenomenon - the existence of the Russian pre-revolutionary intellectual and moral tradition, whose representatives, including N.M. Karamzin and other classics of «pochvennicheskoj» orientation (of «national originality»), sought to re-educate the St. Petersburg political class in the spirit of Russism. Therefore, they criticized the «bureaucratic yoke of Petersburg», which turned into a Westernization errors of Peter the Great in the form of borrowing from the West in the spirit of bureaucracy and state absolutism.