Norm and disease. Monomorbidity, comorbidity and methodology for their diagnostics

The absence of a single classification and generally accepted terminology of comorbidity leads to a different understanding of the issues of diagnosis of comorbidity. Comorbidity is a complex system in which the patient is both an integral object and part of this system, which includes diseases complexes. As it is known, the success of solving diagnostic problems, especially in the presence of comorbidity ultimately determines the consistency and validity of the findings, and, consequently, the effectiveness of the diagnosis as a whole. Previously, we proposed an integrative method which, preserving the system approach and the method of comparison, suggests using the sum of data from genetic, constitutional, immunological, anthropological and other types of examination to obtain the most complete representation not only of the nature of the disease, but, first of all, the patient himself. Proceeding from the foregoing, the present review focuses not only on the features of compiling a "patient diagnosis" in the presence of comorbidity but also on the sequence in which the pathological conditions should be considered and reflected in the main diagnosis in the presence of several active processes.