Human capital in the sphere of Russian science

Human capital is a complex economic category with a set of various qualitative and quantitative characteristics, while the educational and scientific and innovative components of the formation of human capital deserve special attention, on the basis of which a knowledge base is created that can provide the scientific and technical advantage of the country. Science and innovations are an integral element of human capital, acting as an indicator of its use, so the assessment of development trends in domestic science is an important area. The study assesses the development of science in Russia as an integral element of the formation of human capital based on an analysis of the main indicators of the number and share of personnel engaged in research and development, identifies the trends that have developed under the influence of the crisis and their causes. It has been established that in recent years the number of personnel employed in the field of science and innovation has maintained a steady downward trend, while the level of provision of scientific organizations with personnel and researchers has also decreased, which indicates a crisis situation in terms of personnel in the field of science. The labor force replacement rate indicates that more personnel are leaving than are being employed. The problem of the outflow of personnel from the scientific environment in Russia is important and systemic, while in recent years the country has not been able to increase human capital, the process of loss continues to this day, which contributes to the aggravation of the crisis in science.