Numerical study of the effect of a surface active agent on convective mass transfer in laser surface melting of metal

A mathematical model is proposed to describe the process of surface alloying of metals by laser pulses. The model takes into account the dependence of the surface tension gradient induced by temperature on the concentration of a surface active agent in the melt and on the heating temperature. Numerical simulation reveals the probability of occurrence of multi-vortex flows that promote the penetration of the alloying material into the metal.