Modelling of competition for sowing area with different fertilizers under crops in agricultural organisations in the Nizhny Novgorod Region

This study examines the competition between railway and road transportation based on an analysis of their tariff policies. A mathematical model based on the Lotka-Volterra system of differential equations is applied, allowing for the consideration of market share dynamics and the forecasting of tariff change impacts. Numerical methods, including the Runge-Kutta method, are utilized to accurately calculate the development of competition over time. The analysis covers the period from 2018 to 2023, enabling a retrospective assessment of tariff policy changes and the proposal of possible transportation optimization strategies. The results demonstrate that an increase in road transportation tariffs leads to a higher market share for rail transport, while support for road transportation reduces dependency on railway networks. The findings of this study can be used by transport companies and government authorities to develop effective tariff policies.