What needs to be changed in the Russian higher education system in order to implement the instructions of the President of the Russian Federation: practical considerations

Based on the analysis of the best educational practices of foreign universities for the development of Russian universities and their achievement of the indicators of leading world-class universities, it is necessary to pay attention to the criteria indicators that exist in international rating systems. Purpose: to determine the measures of state policy in the field of education for achieving global competitiveness by Russian universities. Methods: the author uses empirical methods of comparison, description, interpretation; theoretical methods of formal and dialectical logic. Special scientific methods are used: comparative-legal, legal-dogmatic. Results: the study makes it possible to make the following proposals based on a comparative legal analysis of the main international rating systems and special literature: 1) to improve the quality of education, as a result of which the export of educational programs to the countries of the world will increase, primarily to those regions where Russia continues to be a key player, with their subsequent distribution to other states, including using electronic pedagogy and online education; 2) to determine the nature and effectiveness of the connection of Russian universities with production and business in specially created educational clusters and consortia; 3) to create university endowments (target capital) based on a combination of state, corporate financing, as well as donations from private individuals with a transparent financial reporting system and under the control of state bodies, for which to make appropriate changes to Russian legislation in terms of ensuring the effectiveness of its use and encouraging charitable actions in relation to universities by individuals; 4) to create conditions for internationalization, provided that the traditions of the Russian education system and historical values are preserved, including the use of digital technologies and artificial intelligence technologies, which will be expressed in demand, the readiness of graduates to solve the challenges in the new reality, the competitiveness of Russian universities, provided that national educational sovereignty is ensured.