Civil and patriotic education of youth in the state youth policy of the Russian Federation
Автор: Goga T.N.
Журнал: Теория и практика современной науки @modern-j
Рубрика: Основной раздел
Статья в выпуске: 5 (47), 2019 года.
Бесплатный доступ
The article describes the concept of "Patriotic education". Also revealed are the methods of Patriotic education of modern youth used in the sphere of state youth policy. The analysis of the effectiveness of these methods in practice.
Youth, patriotism, patriotic education, citizenship, state youth policy, methods of patriotic education, forms of patriotic education
Короткий адрес: https://sciup.org/140274552
IDR: 140274552
Текст научной статьи Civil and patriotic education of youth in the state youth policy of the Russian Federation
The younger generation presupposes a significant social category of the inhabitants of the Russian Federation. Due to age, socio-psychological characteristics it tends to new activities, relatively easier to master complex professions.
Thanks to the development of civic and Patriotic education, the younger generation is now actively developing in society, as well as learns the rules and principles that are characteristic of the policy of a particular state. Youth employment in the field of patriotism contributes to the development of highly moral personality, as well as the socialization of young people in society. Young age is the most optimal for the implementation of the system of Patriotic education, as it is a period of self-knowledge, active development of social interests and life ideals.
New time demands from subordinated institutions of youth policy of additional education of young people, demands development of forms and methods of Patriotic education.
In order to understand how to develop Patriotic education of modern youth it is necessary to find out the essence of the concept of "Patriotic education".
Patriotic education is a complex system of a single educational action and directly involves regular and directed work of state organizations, social institutions that contribute to the development of young people's Patriotic consciousness, a sense of devotion to their Fatherland, readiness to perform military duty and protect the homeland. [3]
Currently, the Federal Agency for youth Affairs is engaged in the development of Patriotic and civic education of young people in the Russian Federation. The Federal Agency for youth Affairs is a Federal Executive body in Russia responsible for providing state services and managing state property in the sphere of state youth policy and implementing measures aimed at moral and Patriotic education. [2] The concept of Patriotic education of citizens of the Russian Federation – a document reflecting a set of officially adopted views on public policy in the field of Patriotic education. The concept was developed within the framework of the state program "Patriotic education of citizens of the Russian Federation for 2016 – 2020". At the Federal level, the state program "Patriotic education of citizens of the Russian Federation for 2016 – 2020 years. [1]
The content of Patriotic education includes cultural, historical and sociopolitical, psychological, pedagogical, spiritual, moral, military-technical and physical components. [2]
Forms and methods of Patriotic education of youth in the system of State youth policy include a variety of multi-level activities that are carried out systematically, at regular intervals, in accordance with scientifically sound organizational conditions that contribute to the implementation of the main objectives of Patriotic education.
The system of Patriotic education includes public authorities, the media, public associations and organizations, as well as spiritual, moral, legal framework, measures to establish a system of values of patriotism among young people. They affect all levels of educational activities, organize Patriotic events at both the
Federal and regional levels, and conduct individual educational work with young people.
We analyzed the main events that were presented in Russia in the field of military-Patriotic and sports-improving orientation in 2018-2019 at the Federal level, such events as:
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1. Patriotic competitions: III all-Russian competition of professional skill "Do as I do!" among the leaders and pupils of military-Patriotic associations;
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2. Large-scale actions: solemn opening of the all-Russian action "Watch of Memory-2019" taken place in the city of Belgorod; opening of the all-Russian Patriotic action "Snow landing" in the Voronezh region.
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3. Events dedicated to memorable dates: Day of memory of Heroes of the Fatherland of the Russian Federation.
At the regional and municipal level, these were:
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1. Sports games: In the Volgograd region held a military-sports game "Zarnitsa"; in the Belgorod region held a military-sports game "Eaglet"; military-Patriotic sports game "Road to Victory", held in the Vologda region;
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2. Events dedicated to memorable dates: day of memory of inter-nationalist warriors, held in the Volgograd region; in the city of Shebekino, Belgorod region, Day of defenders of the Fatherland – 2019, a festive event dedicated to the Day of national unity; day of the flag of the Russian Federation.
The quantity and quality of preparation of festivals of art creativity, competitions, exhibitions, competitions, games and other cultural mass actions of a Patriotic orientation considerably increased. The potential of theatres, libraries and museums for Patriotic events has become much more actively used. Cultural and creative activities implemented in the system of Patriotic education for 2018-2019 at the Federal level:
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1. Large-scale actions: the action "We are citizens of Russia" aimed at realization of creative potential of young people; on April 15 the all-Russian action "Cultural minimum" started on the international day of culture in all regions of Russia; the all-Russian action "Read – the country" may 2019.
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2. Historical quests, games: a series of all-Russian youth historical quests dedicated to the significant events of the great Patriotic war of 1941 – 1945; organization and holding of a series of all-Russian historical quests dedicated to the achievements of Russia.
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3. All-Russian and regional competitions: the final stage of the competition "Russian Rhymes", where they chose the best poets and prose writers of the country; all-Russian contest of works "Heirs of Victory", which is held in the framework of the project "all-Russian Patriotic camp "Heirs of Victory", dedicated to the 75th anniversary of Victory in the Battle of Kursk.
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4. The historical and Patriotic forum "Repatriot-2019»;
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5. Cultural events: all-Russian screening of films dedicated to the heroic defenders of the Fatherland, all-Russian lesson in the history of the great Patriotic war.
At regional and municipal levels:
Youth Patriotic action "Muse of the blockade", held in St. Petersburg; in Saransk, the annual Sretensky ball of Orthodox youth; in the Belgorod region "Waltz of Victory" – 2019; "Radiance of Russia" – the Day of Slavic writing and culture event, which was held in the city of Shebekino, Belgorod region. [4]
To assess the effectiveness of the development of Patriotic education, the State Institute of management conducted a sociological study in 2018. The object of the study was the Russian youth aged 16 to 24 years, the all-Russian sample for the subjects of the Russian Federation was 1600 respondents.
Its results showed that young people mostly consider themselves patriots of Russia. Patriots of Russia, think to yourself, 33.3% of the respondents, 41.4 percent indicated that to a greater extent consider itself as patriots of Russia, than not believe. However, a large number of respondents can not relate themselves to the patriots of Russia: 9.6% of respondents do not consider themselves patriots of Russia rather than believe; 7.4% do not consider themselves patriots. We can assume that high migration actions occur due to the lack of Patriotic feelings among young people.
The results showed that in the minds of young people there is both active and passive patriotism. On the one hand, young people choose alternative options that show passive patriotism: to love the Motherland (79.1%), to be proud of the great achievements of the country (72.7%), to know the culture of the country and be proud of it (57.3%), to believe in the great future of the country (47.4%), to feel nostalgia far from home (24.8%). On the other hand, young people are also characterized by active patriotism: 62.1% of respondents are ready to act for the benefit of their country; if necessary, to defend their country with arms in their hands (57.5%); to perform the duties of a citizen, to comply with the laws of the state (56.7%), to actively combat the threats that destroy the country (35%). [5]
We also see that Patriotic education in the Russian Federation is developing more and more over the years. Young people are ready to take an active part in the life of the country, to act for the benefit of the country, to be responsible for it, but there are also negative moments. Some of the respondents are not ready to call themselves patriots of the country, and here the question arises about the approval of the values of the Russian state by young people and the possible improvement of the forms and methods of Civil-Patriotic education in the system of State youth policy.
Thus, the state youth policy in the sphere of patriotism is currently developing comprehensively. The system of Patriotic education is designed to ensure the purposeful formation of young people's active citizenship, promotes their full involvement in the solution of socially significant and national problems, to provide conditions for the development of young people's state thinking, especially to act in accordance with national interests. The end result of the functioning of the system of Patriotic education is the moral rise of the youth of Russia, the strengthening of the state and its defense, the achievement of social and economic stability.
Список литературы Civil and patriotic education of youth in the state youth policy of the Russian Federation
- State program "Patriotic education of citizens of the Russian Federation for 2016-2020" dated 30.12.2015 №1493 // Russian Gazeta - January 3, 2016. - P. 31.
- The decree of the RF Government dated 29.11.2014 No. 2403-R "On approving the Fundamentals of state youth policy of the Russian Federation for the period till 2025" of the Russian Federation dated 29.11.2014 No. 2403-R // Russian newspaper - December 8, 2014, p. 44.
- Antoshchenko V. I. the book of the patriot [Text] / V. I. Аntoshchenko. - SPb.: Science, 2010 - 543 p.
- Activities of Rosmolodezh, main activities [Electronic resource] // Mode of access to ed.: https://fadm.gov.ru/activity/scope/2и (date accessed: 11.05.2019).
- Value orientations of Russian youth [Electronic resource] // Mode of access to ed.: http://guu.ru/wp-content/uploads/Zak_925_2017-Chuev.pdf (date accessed: 11.05.2018).